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Subsets II

Detailed guide and Python implementation for the 'Subsets II' problem.

Problem Statement

Easy

Given an integer array nums that may contain duplicates, return all possible subsets (the power set).

The solution set must not contain duplicate subsets. Return the solution in any order.

Implement a function subsetsWithDup(nums: list) -> list.

Constraints
  • 1 <= nums.length <= 10
  • -10 <= nums[i] <= 10

Examples

Example 1
Input
[1,2,2]
Output
[[],[1],[1,2],[1,2,2],[2],[2,2]]
Explanation

Unlike the basic subsets problem, [1,2,2] has duplicate 2's. We skip duplicate subsets like having two copies of [2].

Example 2
Input
[0]
Output
[[],[0]]
Explanation

Same as basic subsets for a single element.

Need a Hint?
Consider using Backtracking-specific data structures like sets or heaps.
Edge Cases to Watch
  • Empty input structures
  • Single element inputs
  • Large numerical bounds

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