Top 150 InterviewMedium

Invert Binary Tree

Detailed guide and Python implementation for the 'Invert Binary Tree' problem.

Problem Statement

Medium

Given the root of a binary tree, invert the tree, and return its root.

Inverting a binary tree means swapping the left and right children of every node in the tree.

The tree is represented as a level-order list where None represents a missing node. Implement a function invertTree(root: list) -> list that returns the inverted tree in level-order.

Constraints
  • The number of nodes in the tree is in the range [0, 100]
  • -100 <= Node.val <= 100

Examples

Example 1
Input
[4,2,7,1,3,6,9]
Output
[4,7,2,9,6,3,1]
Explanation

The root stays 4. Its children swap: left becomes 7, right becomes 2. Their children also swap recursively.

Example 2
Input
[2,1,3]
Output
[2,3,1]
Explanation

The root stays 2. Left child 1 and right child 3 are swapped.

Example 3
Input
[]
Output
[]
Explanation

An empty tree inverted is still empty.

Need a Hint?
Consider using Trees-specific data structures like sets or heaps.
Edge Cases to Watch
  • Empty input structures
  • Single element inputs
  • Large numerical bounds

Ready to Solve?

Open the problem in PyRun's browser-based Python editor. Your code runs fully offline — no server required.

Open in Editor

Recommended Python Resources

Expand your knowledge with related interactive tutorials, cheat sheets, and code comparisons.