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Count Good Nodes In Binary Tree

Detailed guide and Python implementation for the 'Count Good Nodes In Binary Tree' problem.

Problem Statement

Medium

Given a binary tree root, a node X in the tree is named good if in the path from root to X there are no nodes with a value greater than X.

Return the number of good nodes in the binary tree.

The tree is represented as a level-order list. Implement a function goodNodes(root: list) -> int.

Constraints
  • The number of nodes in the binary tree is in the range [1, 100000]
  • -10000 <= Node.val <= 10000

Examples

Example 1
Input
[3,1,4,3,None,1,5]
Output
4
Explanation

Root 3 is always good. Node 4 (3<=4, good). Node 3 under node 1 (3<=3, good). Node 5 (3<=4<=5, good). Node 1 is not good (3>1). Node 1 under 4 is not good (4>1). Total: 4 good nodes.

Example 2
Input
[3,3,None,4,2]
Output
3
Explanation

Root 3 is good. Node 3 (left child, 3<=3, good). Node 4 (3<=3<=4, good). Node 2 is not good (3>2). Total: 3.

Example 3
Input
[1]
Output
1
Explanation

The root is always a good node.

Need a Hint?
Consider using Trees-specific data structures like sets or heaps.
Edge Cases to Watch
  • Empty input structures
  • Single element inputs
  • Large numerical bounds

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