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Binary Tree Level Order Traversal

Detailed guide and Python implementation for the 'Binary Tree Level Order Traversal' problem.

Problem Statement

Medium

Given the root of a binary tree, return the level order traversal of its nodes' values. (i.e., from left to right, level by level).

The tree is represented as a level-order list. Implement a function levelOrder(root: list) -> list that returns a list of lists, where each inner list contains the values at that level.

Constraints
  • The number of nodes in the tree is in the range [0, 2000]
  • -1000 <= Node.val <= 1000

Examples

Example 1
Input
[3,9,20,None,None,15,7]
Output
[[3],[9,20],[15,7]]
Explanation

Level 0: [3]. Level 1: [9,20]. Level 2: [15,7].

Example 2
Input
[1]
Output
[[1]]
Explanation

Only one node at level 0.

Example 3
Input
[]
Output
[]
Explanation

Empty tree has no levels.

Need a Hint?
Consider using Trees-specific data structures like sets or heaps.
Edge Cases to Watch
  • Empty input structures
  • Single element inputs
  • Large numerical bounds

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