Python 基础知识简单

查找数组中的重复元素

“查找数组中的重复元素”问题的详细指南和 Python 实现。

问题陈述

简单

编写一个函数 find_repeating(arr) ,它接受整数列表 arr 并返回在数组中出现多次的所有元素的排序列表。如果没有元素重复,则返回一个空列表。

约束条件
  • 0 <= len(arr) <= 10^5
  • -10^6 <= arr[i] <= 10^6

示例

Example 1
Input
arr = [1, 2, 3, 2, 4, 3]
Output
[2, 3]
Explanation

2 appears twice and 3 appears twice. Both are repeating elements.

Example 2
Input
arr = [1, 2, 3, 4]
Output
[]
Explanation

All elements appear exactly once. No repeating elements.

Example 3
Input
arr = [5, 5, 5, 5]
Output
[5]
Explanation

5 repeats (appears 4 times).

Need a Hint?
考虑使用特定于数组的数据结构,例如集合或堆。
Edge Cases to Watch
  • 空输入结构
  • 单元素输入
  • 大数值范围

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