Python 基础知识简单

寻找一个数的素因数

“查找数字的质因数”问题的详细指南和 Python 实现。

问题陈述

简单

编写一个函数 prime_factors(n) ,它接受一个正整数 n (n >= 2) 并按升序返回其素因数列表。如果素因数出现多次,请将其多次包含在列表中。

约束条件
  • 2 <= n <= 10^6

示例

Example 1
Input
n = 12
Output
[2, 2, 3]
Explanation

12 = 2 × 2 × 3. The prime factors are 2, 2, and 3.

Example 2
Input
n = 7
Output
[7]
Explanation

7 is itself a prime number.

Example 3
Input
n = 60
Output
[2, 2, 3, 5]
Explanation

60 = 2 × 2 × 3 × 5.

Need a Hint?
考虑使用特定于基础的数据结构,例如集合或堆。
Edge Cases to Watch
  • 空输入结构
  • 单元素输入
  • 大数值范围

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