150强访谈简单

编码和解码字符串

“编码和解码字符串”问题的详细指南和 Python 实现。

问题陈述

简单

设计一种算法将字符串列表编码为单个字符串。然后将编码后的字符串解码回原始字符串列表。

实现两个功能:

- encode(strs: List[str]) -> str — 将字符串列表编码为单个字符串。

- decode(s: str) -> List[str] — 将单个字符串解码回原始字符串列表。

编码字符串应该能够处理输入字符串中任何可能的字符,包括特殊字符和空字符串。

约束条件
  • 0 <= len(strs) <= 200
  • 0 <= len(strs[i]) <= 200
  • strs[i] can contain any possible characters (0-255)

示例

Example 1
Input
strs = ["hello", "world"]
Output
["hello", "world"]
Explanation

The list is encoded into a single string and then decoded back to the original list ["hello", "world"].

Example 2
Input
strs = [""]
Output
[""]
Explanation

A list containing a single empty string is encoded and decoded correctly.

Example 3
Input
strs = ["we", "say", ":", "yes"]
Output
["we", "say", ":", "yes"]
Explanation

Special characters like ":" are handled correctly during encoding and decoding.

Need a Hint?
考虑使用数组和哈希特定的数据结构,例如集合或堆。
Edge Cases to Watch
  • 空输入结构
  • 单元素输入
  • 大数值范围

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