DSA 部分簡單

多數元素

「多數元素」問題的詳細指南和 Python 實作。

問題陳述

簡單

寫一個函數 find_majority_element(arr) ,它接受整數列表 arr 並傳回多數元素(出現超過 n // 2 次的元素)。您可以假設多數元素始終存在於陣列中。

約束條件
  • 1 <= len(arr) <= 5 * 10^4
  • -10^9 <= arr[i] <= 10^9

範例

Example 1
Input
arr = [3, 2, 3]
Output
3
Explanation

3 appears twice, which is more than 3 // 2 = 1 time.

Example 2
Input
arr = [2, 2, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2]
Output
2
Explanation

2 appears 4 times, which is more than 7 // 2 = 3 times.

Need a Hint?
考慮使用特定於數組的資料結構,例如集合或堆。
Edge Cases to Watch
  • 空輸入結構
  • 單元素輸入
  • 大數值範圍

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