Python 基礎知識簡單

尋找數組中的重複元素

「尋找陣列中的重複元素」問題的詳細指南和 Python 實作。

問題陳述

簡單

寫一個函數 find_repeating(arr) ,它接受整數列表 arr 並傳回在陣列中出現多次的所有元素的排序清單。如果沒有元素重複,則傳回空列表。

約束條件
  • 0 <= len(arr) <= 10^5
  • -10^6 <= arr[i] <= 10^6

範例

Example 1
Input
arr = [1, 2, 3, 2, 4, 3]
Output
[2, 3]
Explanation

2 appears twice and 3 appears twice. Both are repeating elements.

Example 2
Input
arr = [1, 2, 3, 4]
Output
[]
Explanation

All elements appear exactly once. No repeating elements.

Example 3
Input
arr = [5, 5, 5, 5]
Output
[5]
Explanation

5 repeats (appears 4 times).

Need a Hint?
考慮使用特定於數組的資料結構,例如集合或堆。
Edge Cases to Watch
  • 空輸入結構
  • 單元素輸入
  • 大數值範圍

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