Python 基礎知識簡單

尋找一個數的質因數

「尋找數字的質因數」問題的詳細指南和 Python 實作。

問題陳述

簡單

寫一個函數 prime_factors(n) ,它接受一個正整數 n (n >= 2) 並按升序返回其素因數列表。如果素因數出現多次,請將其多次包含在清單中。

約束條件
  • 2 <= n <= 10^6

範例

Example 1
Input
n = 12
Output
[2, 2, 3]
Explanation

12 = 2 × 2 × 3. The prime factors are 2, 2, and 3.

Example 2
Input
n = 7
Output
[7]
Explanation

7 is itself a prime number.

Example 3
Input
n = 60
Output
[2, 2, 3, 5]
Explanation

60 = 2 × 2 × 3 × 5.

Need a Hint?
考慮使用特定於基礎的資料結構,例如集合或堆。
Edge Cases to Watch
  • 空輸入結構
  • 單元素輸入
  • 大數值範圍

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