Python 基礎知識簡單

求兩個向量的最小標量積

「尋找兩個向量的最小標量積」問題的詳細指南和 Python 實作。

問題陳述

簡單

寫一個函數 min_scalar_product(v1, v2) ,它接受兩個長度相等的整數列表並傳回最小可能的標量(點)積。在計算點積之前,您可以按任意順序重新排列兩個向量中的元素。所有 i 的點積為 sum(v1[i] * v2[i])。要最小化,請將其中最大的一個與另一個中最小的配對。

約束條件
  • 1 <= len(v1) == len(v2) <= 10^4
  • -10^5 <= v1[i], v2[i] <= 10^5

範例

Example 1
Input
v1 = [1, 3, -5], v2 = [-2, 4, 1]
Output
-25
Explanation

Sort v1 ascending: [-5,1,3]. Sort v2 descending: [4,1,-2]. Dot product: (-5)*4 + 1*1 + 3*(-2) = -20+1-6 = -25.

Example 2
Input
v1 = [1, 2, 3], v2 = [4, 5, 6]
Output
32
Explanation

Sort v1 ascending: [1,2,3]. Sort v2 descending: [6,5,4]. Dot: 1*6+2*5+3*4 = 6+10+12 = 32? Wait: minimum is 1*6+2*5+3*4=32. Alternative: 1*4+2*5+3*6=32. Actually min is 1*6+2*5+3*4=32.

Example 3
Input
v1 = [1, 1], v2 = [1, 1]
Output
2
Explanation

Both vectors are [1,1]. Any arrangement gives 1*1 + 1*1 = 2.

Need a Hint?
考慮使用特定於數組的資料結構,例如集合或堆。
Edge Cases to Watch
  • 空輸入結構
  • 單元素輸入
  • 大數值範圍

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