Python 基礎知識簡單

尋找均衡指標

「尋找平衡指數」問題的詳細指南和 Python 實作。

問題陳述

簡單

寫一個函數 equilibrium_index(arr) 來找出陣列的平衡索引。均衡索引是索引 i,其中索引小於 i 的元素總和等於索引大於 i 的元素總和。傳回找到的第一個均衡索引,如果不存在則傳回 -1。索引 i 處的元素不包含在任一總和中。

約束條件
  • 1 <= len(arr) <= 10^5
  • -10^9 <= arr[i] <= 10^9

範例

Example 1
Input
arr = [-7, 1, 5, 2, -4, 3, 0]
Output
3
Explanation

At index 3: left sum = -7+1+5 = -1, right sum = -4+3+0 = -1. Both sums are equal.

Example 2
Input
arr = [1, 2, 3]
Output
-1
Explanation

No index satisfies the equilibrium condition.

Example 3
Input
arr = [1, 3, 5, 2, 2]
Output
2
Explanation

At index 2: left sum = 1+3 = 4, right sum = 2+2 = 4. Equal.

Need a Hint?
考慮使用特定於數組的資料結構,例如集合或堆。
Edge Cases to Watch
  • 空輸入結構
  • 單元素輸入
  • 大數值範圍

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